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Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia (''Влади́мир Александрович'') ) (22〔Gregorian calendar date. The Russian (Julian) calendar date is 10 April. See (Comte Paul Vasili, ''La Sainte Russie : la cour, l'armée, le clergé, la bourgeoisie et le peuple'', Libraire de Firmin-Didot et Cie, Paris, 1890 )〕 April 1847 – 17 February 1909) was a son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia, a brother of Tsar Alexander III of Russia and the Senior Grand Duke of the House of Romanov during the reign of his nephew, Tsar Nicholas II. Grand Duke Vladimir followed a military career and occupied important military positions during the reigns of the last three Russian Emperors. Interested in artistic and intellectual pursuits; he was appointed President of the Academy of Fine Arts. He functioned as a patron of many artists and as a sponsor of the Imperial ballet.〔Perry & Pleshakov, ''The Flight of the Romanovs '', p. 35〕 During the reign of his father, Tsar Alexander II, he was made Adjutant-General, senator in 1868 and a member of the Council of State in 1872. His brother, Alexander III, also promoted his career. He became a member of the Council of Ministers, Commander of the Imperial Guards Corps 〔Alexander, '' Once a Grand Duke'', p. 139〕 and Military Governor of Saint Petersburg. He tried to exert some influence over his nephew Tsar Nicholas II, but had to content himself with holding a rival court with his wife Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna at his palace in Saint Petersburg. The events of Bloody Sunday in 1905, while he was Military Governor of St Petersburg, tarnished his reputation. During the last years of his life, the rift between his family and that of Nicholas II widened.〔Zeepvat, ''Romanov Autumn'', p. 98〕 He died after a stroke in 1909. Vladimir Alexandrovich's great-granddaughter, Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, is the current claimant to the headship of the Romanov family. ==Early life== Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich was born on April 22, 1847 at Tsarskoye Selo, some twenty miles (32 km) outside Saint Petersburg.〔Chavchavadze, ''The Grand Dukes'', p. 103〕 He was the fourth child and third son among the eight children of Alexander II of Russia and his wife Maria Alexandrovna, born Duchess Marie of Hesse-Darmstadt. He was eight years old when at the death of his grand father Nicholas I, his father became Russian Tsar.〔 Grand Duke Vladimir was well educated and through his life he was interested in literature and the arts. However, as all male members of the Romanov family he had to follow a military career. As only the third son in a numerous family, he was far from the succession to the Russian throne.〔 Nevertheless, in 1865, the early death of his eldest brother, the Tsarevich Nicholas, left Vladimir unexpectedly close to the throne as heir presumptive after his second brother Alexander.〔 Unlike Alexander, the new heir, Vladimir was witty and ambitious. Rumors circulated at the time, that Alexander II would have his eldest surviving son removed from the succession placing Vladimir as his heir. Alexander himself would have preferred to step aside from the succession hoping to marry morganatically, but eventually he yielded to family pressure and married a suitable bride.〔Chavchavadze, ''The Grand Dukes'', p. 105〕 Relations between the two brothers, although cordial, were never warm. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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